Differences in the structure of infectious morbidity of the population during the first and second half of 2020 in st. petersburg

This chapter focuses on the comparative statistical analysis of the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI), new coronavirus infection Covid-19 and community-acquired pneumonia in one of the administrative districts of St. Petersburg. It was found that the total number of people with ARVI, new coronavirus infection Covid-19 and community acquired pneumonia observed in pediatric and adult clinics had two "waves". In the structure of the incidence of Covid-19 in the first "wave", adult patients prevailed. During the second "wave" of the rise in the incidence of Covid-19, the proportion of children doubled to 12.9%. The increased infectious morbidity required the involvement of additional medical personnel, transport, as well as the introduction of new organizational technologies for providing medical care to the population. The data of regular statistical observation became the basis for making operational management decisions for the organization of medical care for the population in the context of an epidemic rise in morbidity. © ISTE Ltd 2022.

On the issue of organizing medical care for the population and its resource provision during the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in the Russian Federation.

The outbreak of COVID-19 in December 2019 in Wuhan (PRC) and the subsequent global spread of the infection over several weeks, the emergence of new strains of the SARS-CoV-2 virus have made significant changes in the organization and activities of healthcare systems in most countries of the world. Purpose of the study. Conduct an analysis of infectious disease rates, individual indicators of the state and activities of the state and municipal healthcare systems of the Russian Federation before and during the COVID-19 pandemic — in the period 2019— 2020. Material and methods. As research materials, data from annual forms of federal statistical observation in the context of the Russian Federation Nos. 12, 14 and 30, as well as collections of statistical indicators of the Ministry of Health of Russia, were used. The main research methods are statistical, informational and analytical. Results. The study showed that in the period 2012—2019. Against the background of a decrease in infectious disease, the resource provision of the infectious service was gradually reduced. However, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the load on this service has increased significantly. According to the results of testing for RNA, antigen and antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in the conditions of medical organizations of the Ministry of Health of Russia in the country in 2020, about 5 million cases of COVID- 19 and almost 600 thousand cases of carriage of the pathogen were registered. Against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of visits to medical organizations providing medical care on an outpatient basis decreased by 17.6%, the level of hospitalization decreased by 16.0%, while the availability of beds did not change significantly, and in the structure of beds repurposed for the treatment of patients with COVID-19, more than 80% were therapeutic, surgical, neurological and gynecological beds. Against the background of a decrease in bed turnover, hospital mortality increased in a number of profiles, while mortality in infectious beds for patients with COVID-19 was at the level of the national average for the entire hospital bed stock. During the implementation of a number of measures, the decrease in the total number of nursing staff during the year was accompanied by an increase in the provision of the population with infectious disease doctors, general practitioners, anesthesiologists, resuscitators, radiologists, and epidemiologists. Conclusion. In the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, it is too early to draw conclusions, but, of course, the experience of combating it as part of the Russian Ministry of Health’s measures to organize medical care for the population determined the subsequent tasks for modernizing and improving the healthcare system and resource provision in terms of increasing the availability and quality of medical care. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] Вспышка COVID-19 в декабре 2019 года в г. Ухань (КНР) и последующее глобальное распространение инфекции в течение нескольких недель, появление новых штаммов вируса SARS-CoV-2 внесли значительные изменения в организацию и деятельность систем здравоохранения большинства стран мира. Цель исследования. Провести анализ показателей инфекционной заболеваемости, отдельных показателей состояния и деятельности государственной и муниципальной систем здравоохранения Российской Федерации до и во время пандемии COVID-19 — за период 2019—2020 гг. Материал и методы. Ð’ качестве материалов исследования использованы данные годовых форм федерального статистического наблюдения в разрезе Российской Федерации â„–12, 14 и 30, а также сборники статистических показателей Минздрава России. Основные методы исследования — статистический, информационно-аналитический. Результаты. Исследование показало, что в период 2012—2019 гг. на фоне снижения инфекционной заболеваемости постепенно сокращалась ресурсная обеспеченность инфекционной службы. Вместе с тем в условиях пандемии COVID-19 нагрузка на данную службу существенно возросла. По результатам тестирования на РНК, антиген и антитела к SARS-CoV-2 в условиях медицинских организаций Минздрава России в стране в 2020 г. зарегистрировано около 5 млн случаев заболевания COVID-19 и почти 600 тыс. случаев носительства возбудителя. На фоне пандемии COVID-19 уменьшилась заболеваемость по обращаемости по большинству классов болезней, на 17,6% сократилось число посещений медицинских организаций, оказывающих медицинскую помощь в амбулаторных условиях, на 16,0% снизился уровень госпитализации, при этом обеспеченность коечным фондом существенно не изменилась, а в структуре коек, перепрофилированных для лечения пациентов с COVID-19, более 80% составили койки терапевтического, хирургического, неврологического и гинекологического профилей. На фоне уменьшения оборота койки по ряду профилей выросла госпитальная летальность, при этом летальность на инфекционныхкойках для пациентов с COVID-19 была на уровне среднероссийских значений по всему коечному фонду. Ð’ ходе реализации ряда мероприятий уменьшение общей численности среднего медицинского персонала в течение года сопровождалось ростом обеспеченности населения врачами-инфРкционистами, терапевтами, анестезиологамиреаниматологами, рентгенологами, эпидемиологами. Заключение. Ð’ условиях продолжающейся пандемии COVID-19 рано подводить итоги, но, безусловно, опыт борьбы с ней в рамках реализации Минздравом России мероприятий по организации медицинской помощи населению определил последующие задачи по модернизации и совершенствованию системы здравоохранения и ресурсного обеспечения в части повышения доступности и качества медицинской помощи. (Russian) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Profilakticheskaya Meditsina is the property of Media Sphere Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Relevance of the problem and the current situation with infectious morbidity in the Russian Federation

The article provides an overview of domestic and foreign literary sources devoted to an urgent challenge in modern health care — infectious morbidity. The extraordinary socio-economic importance of infectious diseases at the present stage throughout the world, including in the Russian Federation, based on their global spread and high economic losses associated with disability, treatment costs and anti-epidemic measures. In recent decades, the emergence of previously unknown “new” infectious diseases and the return of “old” infections, many of which pose a high epidemiological danger and are characterized by high mortality, have been noted. Among the significant reasons for the emergence of “new” infections, an increase in infectious diseases, changes in the nature of the course of known diseases, it is necessary to note such reasons as a change in a person's lifestyle and the introduction of new technologies. In Russia, a high incidence of acute respiratory infections is recorded annually. An increase in the incidence of acute intestinal infections of viral etiology and a decrease in the incidence of these diseases of bacterial etiology are noted. An urgent problem is the high level of morbidity and mortality from infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, as well as the incidence of chronic viral hepatitis and an increase in mortality from their unfavorable outcomes. Natural focal infections remain an important problem, among which hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and tick-borne infections occupy a significant place. The threat of the invasion of infections that cause emergencies in the field of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population into the Russian Federation territory remains. Infectious diseases are becoming one of the leading causes of premature mortality in the working-age population. In 2020, the Russian Federation faced the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, which led to high morbidity and mortality. Thus, infectious diseases are an urgent problem for the Russian Federation at the present stage, necessitates the development of a targeted program to reduce morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases. ©Mahsa Honary, Naomi Ruth Fisher, Roisin McNaney, Fiona Lobban.